CARNAP, Rudolf. Der Raum. Ein Beitrag zur Wissenschaftslehre (Kant-Studien, Nr. 56). Berlin: Reuther & Reichard. 1922.

CARNAP, Rudolf. Der Raum. Ein Beitrag zur Wissenschaftslehre (Kant-Studien, Nr. 56). Berlin: Reuther & Reichard. 1922.

87 pp; untrimmed. Original printed wrappers, a little browned at edges, worn at top of spine. First edition.

Carnap's doctoral thesis at the University of Jena (where he studied with Herman Nohl, a student of Dilthey, and with Frege) and first publication, which analysed the differences in logical character among the mathematical, physical, and intuitive (or psychological) concepts of space and sought to trace differences of opinion concerning 'space' to the fact that the term had a different meaning for mathematicians, for physicists, and for philosophers. Although the monograph cannot, of course, be regarded as a developed formulation of logical positivism, it already contained many of the chief elements of Carnap's philosophical thought - in particular, a tendency to look on philosophical disputes as being largely due to failure to analyze logically the concepts employed, and a commitment to a basic empiricism supplemented by the methods of modern logic and mathematics. Norman M. Martin in The Encyclopedia of Philosophy.